Role
The specific function and set of duties assigned to a project team member, for example performing tests, managing filing, conducting inspections, or writing code.
Key Points
- Defines what work a team member is responsible for and the authority they hold.
- Focuses on responsibilities, not on job titles or organizational rank.
- One person can hold multiple roles, and a single role can be shared by several people.
- Documented in role descriptions or the resource management plan to prevent gaps and overlaps.
Example
On a software project, Kim is assigned the QA Tester role to design and execute test cases and log defects. Lee has the Configuration Manager role to control versions and build releases. In a small team, one person might also take on the Coder role to implement features.
PMP Example Question
Which statement best describes a role on a project?
- The organizational level a team member holds in the company.
- The set of responsibilities and tasks a person is expected to perform, such as testing or coding.
- The contractual terms under which a resource is hired.
- The performance rating given to a team member during appraisal.
Correct Answer: B — The set of responsibilities and tasks a person performs
Explanation: A role specifies the function and duties assigned to a team member (e.g., testing, filing, inspecting, or coding), not their rank, contract type, or performance rating.
