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internal dependencies

Links among two or more project activities inside the project that determine how those activities must be sequenced or coordinated.

Key Points

  • They are within the project and generally under the project team's control.
  • Often arise from technical workflow, resource constraints, or process order.
  • Represent schedule logic (FS, SS, FF, SF) and can influence the critical path.
  • Different from external dependencies (outside parties) and from purely discretionary choices.

Example

In a software project, the team must complete the database schema before coding the data access layer. Both are project activities, so this finish-to-start link is an internal dependency.

PMP Example Question

Which scenario best illustrates an internal dependency?

  1. Waiting for a government license before distribution.
  2. Completing UI design before developing front-end code.
  3. Receiving APIs from a third-party partner before integration.
  4. Corporate budget approval before issuing a purchase order.

Correct Answer: B — Completing UI design before front-end development

Explanation: Both activities occur within the project and their order is controlled by the project team, making this an internal dependency.

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